Jesus has been tutoring his disciples in Jerusalem, during the final week before the crucifixion.
Mark 13:1-10, This temple will be torn down
As he was leaving the temple, one of his disciples said to him, "Look, Teacher! What massive stones! What magnificent buildings!"
As he was leaving the temple, one of his disciples said to him, "Look, Teacher! What massive stones! What magnificent buildings!"
"Do you see all these great buildings?" replied Jesus. "Not one stone here will be left on another; every one will be thrown down."
As Jesus was sitting on the Mount of Olives opposite the temple, Peter, James, John and Andrew asked him privately, "Tell us, when will these things happen? And what will be the sign that they are all about to be fulfilled?"
Jesus said to them: "Watch out that no one deceives you. Many will come in my name, claiming, `I am he,' and will deceive many. When you hear of wars and rumors of wars, do not be alarmed. Such things must happen, but the end is still to come. Nation will rise against nation, and kingdom against kingdom. There will be earthquakes in various places, and famines. These are the beginning of birth pains."
"You must be on your guard. You will be handed over to the local councils and flogged in the synagogues. On account of me you will stand before governors and kings as witnesses to them. And the gospel must first be preached to all nations."
This conversation is stimulated by the nearby temple, which will be torn down in 70 AD. The ensuing apocalypse will apparenlty involve many wars, many nations, natural disasters, and serious religious persecution.
The disciples begin to question Jesus in private. Why are they asking these questions in private?
Mark 13:11-23, The abomination of desolation
Whenever you are arrested and brought to trial, do not worry beforehand about what to say. Just say whatever is given you at the time, for it is not you speaking, but the Holy Spirit. Brother will betray brother to death, and a father his child. Children will rebel against their parents and have them put to death. All men will hate you because of me, but he who stands firm to the end will be saved.
Whenever you are arrested and brought to trial, do not worry beforehand about what to say. Just say whatever is given you at the time, for it is not you speaking, but the Holy Spirit. Brother will betray brother to death, and a father his child. Children will rebel against their parents and have them put to death. All men will hate you because of me, but he who stands firm to the end will be saved.
"When you see `the abomination that causes desolation' standing where it does not belong--let the reader understand--then let those who are in Judea flee to the mountains. Let no one on the roof of his house go down or enter the house to take anything out. Let no one in the field go back to get his cloak.
How dreadful it will be in those days for pregnant women and nursing mothers! Pray that this will not take place in winter, because those will be days of distress unequaled from the beginning, when God created the world, until now--and never to be equaled again. If the Lord had not cut short those days, no one would survive. But for the sake of the elect, whom he has chosen, he has shortened them.
At that time if anyone says to you, `Look, here is the Christ!' or, `Look, there he is!' do not believe it. For false Christs and false prophets will appear and perform signs and miracles to deceive the elect--if that were possible. So be on your guard; I have told you everything ahead of time.
What is the main warning here? "Let the reader understand" -- apparently a warning by Mark to his audience. Is he addressing those living in 70 AD? Or all of us?
What incident is being discussed? Is it local or global?
The Old Testament quote in verse 14 is from the book of Daniel, verses Daniel 9:27, 11:31 and 12:11.
The Old Testament quote in verse 14 is from the book of Daniel, verses Daniel 9:27, 11:31 and 12:11.
Mark 13: 24-27, Stars fall, Son of Man comes in power and glory
"But in those days, following that distress, "`the sun will be darkened, and the moon will not give its light; the stars will fall from the sky, and the heavenly bodies will be shaken.' At that time men will see the Son of Man coming in clouds with great power and glory. And he will send his angels and gather his elect from the four winds, from the ends of the earth to the ends of the heavens.
"But in those days, following that distress, "`the sun will be darkened, and the moon will not give its light; the stars will fall from the sky, and the heavenly bodies will be shaken.' At that time men will see the Son of Man coming in clouds with great power and glory. And he will send his angels and gather his elect from the four winds, from the ends of the earth to the ends of the heavens.
This is a global event, much more significant than the "mere" destruction of Jerusalem. (How does this fit with Revelations?)
Of course the earth does not have “ends” or “four winds”; these are poetic devices (despite the insistence of the Flat Earth Society!)
The NIV puts quotation marks around some of these phrases, as if they are from the Old Testament. They are probably summaries of Isaiah 13:10 or Isaiah 34:4.
The NIV puts quotation marks around some of these phrases, as if they are from the Old Testament. They are probably summaries of Isaiah 13:10 or Isaiah 34:4.
Mark 13: 28-33, This generation and these things
"Now learn this lesson from the fig tree: As soon as its twigs get tender and its leaves come out, you know that summer is near. Even so, when you see these things happening, you know that it is near, right at the door. I tell you the truth, this generation will certainly not pass away until all these things have happened.
"Heaven and earth will pass away, but my words will never pass away. No one knows about that day or hour, not even the angels in heaven, nor the Son, but only the Father. Be on guard! Be alert! You do not know when that time will come."
"Now learn this lesson from the fig tree: As soon as its twigs get tender and its leaves come out, you know that summer is near. Even so, when you see these things happening, you know that it is near, right at the door. I tell you the truth, this generation will certainly not pass away until all these things have happened.
"Heaven and earth will pass away, but my words will never pass away. No one knows about that day or hour, not even the angels in heaven, nor the Son, but only the Father. Be on guard! Be alert! You do not know when that time will come."
What is the main warning here? What does it mean, "this generation will certainly not pass away…"? (NIV footnote: the Greek word could mean "generation" or "race".)
Mark 13: 34-37, Watch! Servants, watch!
It's like a man going away: He leaves his house and puts his servants in charge, each with his assigned task, and tells the one at the door to keep watch. "Therefore keep watch because you do not know when the owner of the house will come back--whether in the evening, or at midnight, or when the rooster crows, or at dawn. If he comes suddenly, do not let him find you sleeping.
It's like a man going away: He leaves his house and puts his servants in charge, each with his assigned task, and tells the one at the door to keep watch. "Therefore keep watch because you do not know when the owner of the house will come back--whether in the evening, or at midnight, or when the rooster crows, or at dawn. If he comes suddenly, do not let him find you sleeping.
What I say to you, I say to everyone: `Watch!'"
This discourse, sometimes called the Olivet Discourse, as it took place on the Mount of Olives, is indeed a strange series of teachings, recorded in all three synoptic gospels. Followers have debated since then: how much of this is describing the invasion of the Romans in 70 AD, destroying the temple, and how much is talking of a greater calamity, a future event often call The Apocalypse, in which the Roman invasion of 70 AD is merely a warmup.
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